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That all makes NTLM vulnerable to a range of attacks, from intercepting and reusing credentials to attack other servers (man-in-the-middle, relay and pass-the-hash attacks) to simply cracking passwords.

Plus, there have been bugs in the way Windows uses NTLM. There is no server authentication in NTLM, so the client can’t be sure it’s connecting to the server it expects rather than a malicious imitation. But although the response to the server is sent using fairly secure MD5 encryption, passwords are stored in the security account manager or NTDS file on the domain controller using much weaker MD4 cryptography, and password hashes aren’t salted (adding random data to passwords makes it harder to spot duplicate passwords). The NTLM username and password are encrypted, and the NTLM protocol makes sure the server checks that the username and password match. Windows 10 and 11 in S Mode: What Is It, and Should You Use It?ġ0 Best Project Management Software for Windows in 2023 How to Download and Install the Windows 11 23H2 Update What’s wrong with NTLM? Must-read Windows coverage Even the slightly more secure NTLM v2 dates back to Windows 2000. The name gives away just how old NTLM is: The New Technology LAN Manager arrived in Windows NT 3.1 in 1993 – 30 years ago. It’s easy to implement and use, and it doesn’t need a connection to the domain controller or a central database of accounts and permissions.

NTLM is an authentication protocol that lets a client connect to a server with a username and password.

When will the Kerberos extensions be available?.

Here’s what will change and how to prepare. Now Microsoft plans to extend Kerberos in the versions of Windows and Windows Server that will ship in the next two years to help organizations move off NTLM. Despite that, NTLM is still widely used, partly because of inertia but also because the preferred replacement Kerberos doesn’t currently cope with some important scenarios. NTLM is a simple and straightforward authentication method for connecting to applications on enterprise servers, but it’s also outdated and insecure. Microsoft is making it easier to switch to secure modern options. It’s time to stop relying on the insecure authentication protocol built into Windows.

Microsoft Improves Windows Security with a Path to Move Off NTLM

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